Grinding and polishing machine



Ju y 30, 1935- s. DpMOOMAW 2,009,452

GRINDING AND POLISHING MACHINE Filed Dec. 8, 19:51 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 Wmrzss y 1935? G. D. MOOMAW 2,009,452

GRINDING AND POLISHING MACHINE Filed Dec. 8, 1931 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Kl N Q "n, Q w & M a

' W a Q s I? M 1 s A ll 3 Q Q o \N it) M RU i Q -a- Q 3 Q M k l X I Y K v- "1 t? l N Q "a N i i I tnvemnn 4 wlmajss I V gc'f 1 July 30, 1935. G. D. MOOMAW GRINDING AND POLISHING MACHINE Filed Dec. 8, 1931 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 July 30, 1935. G. D. MOOMAW GRINDING AND POLISHING MACHINE Filed Dec. 8, 1931 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 Y i 1935' ca. D. MOOMAW 2,009,452

GRINDING AND POLISHING MACHINE Fild D90. 8, 1951 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Wrmss s luvem'ua A'rrmanas July 30, 1935. G. D. MOOMAW 2,009,452

I GRINDING AND PQLISHING MACHINE FilEd D80. 8, 1951 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 al' I Invm'rnn Wrmzss J BY 911m AW A'rr manna Patented July 30, 1935 UNITED STATES GRINDING AND POLISHING MACHINE George D. Moomaw, Syracuse, N. Y., assignor to Halcomb Steel Company, Syracuse, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application December 8, 1931, Serial No. 579,745

7 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in grinding and polishing machines in which rotary abrasive tools are simultaneously rotated about the work and moved across the work in surface contact therewith.

.In the manufacture of small rods or wire, it is often desirous and sometimes necessary that the finished product has a very smooth and highly polished surface. This result has been very diificult and expensive to obtain with the present known grinding and polishing machines due to the inability ofproperly controlling the relative surface speed ofthe abrasive tools and the revolving speed of the tools about the stock.

This inability to control the relative speeds oi? the abrasive tools has necessitated the varying of the speed of the stock or work through the machine in order to obtain a substantially uniformsurface finish of stock of varying degrees of hardness or of different grades of material with the consequent sacrifice'in time and the quality of workmanship.

The main object of this invention is to produce a grinding. and polishing machine of the above mentioned class wherein the relative rotary speed of the abrasive tools about the work and the surface speed of the tools may be readily varied during the operation of the machine.

Another object is to provide a grinding and polishing machine in which a very high surface speed of the abrasive-tools maybe obtained for the purpose of producing a very high polish upon the work in a minimum of time.

A further object is to produce an apparatus which is sturdy, simple and economical in construction, smooth and accurate in operation, and v embodying the various features of this invention.

Figure 2 isan enlarged face view of one of the revolving tool-supporting disks as viewed from line 2-4, Figure 1.

.- 1 Figure 3 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view taken substantially in the plane of the line 33, Figure 2.' Figure i is a detail sectional view taken in the plane of the line H,'Figure 2.

.of the disks 5 and pulleys I secured to the arma- Figure 1 is a side elevation of an apparatus standard Figure 5 is a detail sectional view taken on the line 5-5, Figure 5.

Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 1 illustrating a modified form of my grinding machine.

Figure 7 is an enlarged end view of the machine illustrated in Figure 6, with the lower portion of the standard broken away.

Figure 8 is a detail sectional view taken in the plane of the line 8-8, Figure 7.

Figure 9 is a detail longitudinal sectional view of the work holder taken'in the plane of the line 9-9, Figure 8.

Figure 10 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view taken on line l0lll, Figure '7.

Figures 11 and 12 are side. elevation and plan views respectively of, another modified form of my grinding machine.

Figure 13 is an enlarged front end view viewed from the line |3-l3, Figure 11. a

- Figure 14 is a longitudinal sectional view taken substantially in the plane of the line l4l4, Figure 13.

Figure 15 is a detail transverse sectional view taken on theline l5-l5, Figure 14.

As illustrated in the drawings, thisdevice consists of a standard I having the lower portion thereof divided-to'form a pair of legs 2 arranged in spaced relation transversely of the standard i and between which is positioned a drive motor as 3.

This motor 3, as illustrated in Figures 1 and 3, has the armature shaft 4 thereof extended outwardly at opposite ends of the motor fordriving a pair of tool-supporting disks 5 arranged one at either side of the standard I.

The motor 3 may be operably connected with the disks 5 in any suitable manner as bybelts 6 which passaround the grooved peripheral face ture shaft 4 in alinement with their respective disks 5.

The disks 5 are secured to. respective ends of a horizontally disposed shaft 8 iournaled in suitable bearings 9 provided in the upper end of the Any suitable means may be employed to maintain the shaft against axial movement such as a pair of axially spaced annular flanges 9' secutnad to the periphery of the shaft 8 or made in egral therewith, and which are adapted to travel in correspon ng annulargroves l0 provided in the bearing member 9. This shaft 8 is. also provided with an opening 8' extending longitudinally-and centrally therethroughfofirceiving the work as the wire A.

Upon each disk 5 is secured a pair of electric motors I2, each of which has the drive shaft I3 thereof extended outwardly from the outer face of the motor for receiving a suitable pulley l4 which is secured to the respective shaft by screws I5, or other suitable means, so as to be rotated thereby.

The motors I2 may be secured to the disk 5 in any well known manner, and for this purpose, each motor is provided with a sectional case I6 adapted to extend through suitable apertures I! provided in the disks, each section being provided with an outwardly extending annular flange I8 positioned one adjacent either side of the disk and secured thereto by screws or bolts I9.

The motors of each disk are positioned adjacent the edge of the disk at opposite sides thereof, and at one side of a plane passing diametrically through the disk and so arranged that an abrasive belt as 29 extending from one pulley I4 to the other will normally pass through the axis of the disk and, therefore, the axis of the shaft 8.

In order that the outer ends of the shafts I3 may be firmly supported, there is provided for each shaft a bracket 2| which is secured at one end to the disk 5 by screws or other means, and has the other end thereof provided with a socket 2| in which is mounted a ball bearing member 22 adapted to receive and rotatably support the outer end of the shaft I3.

A suitable take-up pulley 24 is also employed to maintain a pre-determined tension on the belt 28, and for this purpose, the pulley is adjustably mounted on the disk 5 for movement toward and from the axis of said disk in a radial plane extending midway between the motors I2.

The take-up pulley 24 for each belt is rotatably mounted on a shaft 25 which has the inner end thereof secured to or made integral with a substantially rectangular base plate 26 which is secured by screws 21 to a slide 28 mounted for longitudinal movement upon a radially extending guideway 29 secured to or made integral with the outer face of the disks 5.

In order that the pulley 24 may be readily ad- J'usted, the base plate 26 and slide 28 are provided with a threaded opening 39 in which is screw-threaded a screw 3| which has the outer end thereof extending through and rotatably mounted in an apertured lug 32 provided adjacent the outer end of the guideway 29 as shown more clearly in Figures 2 and 3.

In order that the pulley 24 may be maintained in the adjusted position, there is provided a lock nut 33 screw-threaded on the screw 3| and positioned adjacent the inner face of the lug 32 which co-operates with the head 3| of the screw for clamping said screw to the lug 32 and preventing accidental rotation of the screw.

The outer end of the shaft 25, in this instance, is supported by means of a bracket 35 carried by the slide 28 and which is secured to the shaft 25 by means of a nut 36 screw-threaded on the outer end to said shaft.

In order that the grinding machine will run smoothly and with a minimum amount of vibration, the abrasive tools comprising the belts 29 and the motors I2 and take-up pulley 24 for each disk 5 are arranged in substantially right angles to each other as indicated by full lines, and by dotted lines in Figure 2, the full lines in Figure 2 indicating the abrasive tool and operating members on the adjacent disk 5 while the dotted lines represent the abrasive tool secured to the disk 5 positioned at the opposite end of the standard I.

These motors I2 may be of any suitable type or construction adapted to revolve at a uniform constant speed, and for this purpose, I preferably use two pole three-phase 50 to 60 cycle 220 volt alternating current motors which, as is obvious, will run at a constant speed at agiven frequency, and I in order to change the speed of these motors, it is only necessary to change the frequency of the current supplied to said motors, and in order that this may be readily accomplished, I use a generator G as indicated diametrically in Figure 1 and which is driven by a suitable motor M, the current for which is controlled by a rheostat R positioned in the electric circuit for the motor M. In order that the current may be continuously supplied to the motors I2 during the rotation of the disks 5, I connect the wires as W leading from the generator G with a suitable terminal block T secured to the standard I and which, in turn, is connected by wires W" to respective brushes 38 carried by brush-supporting arms 39 secured'to the standard I.

The brushes 38 which, in this instance, are

' three in number are maintained by the arms 39 in operative engagement with respective collector rings 40 electrically connected with corresponding motors and mounted in spaced relation in the outer periphery of a supporting sleeve 4| composed of rubber or other insulating material, and which is secured to a respective disk 5 by mounting said sleeve on hub 5 of the disk.

The operation of the machine may now be readily understood and which consists of threading the wire Atwhich, as illustrated in Figure 1, may be unwound from a spool B carried on a revolving reel C through a tension block 43 of any suitable construction positioned adjacent the inlet end of the machine, and thence through the opening 8 in the shaft 8 and a guide member 44 positioned adjacent the outlet end of the machine to a take-up drum 45 mounted on a shaft 46, and which may be driven in any suitable manner from a motor 41 as by a belt 48 passing around a pulley '49 on the drive shaft of motor 41 and pulley 5|] secured to a shaft 5| which, in turn, is operably connected with ,the drum45 by means of a pair of gears 52, one of which is secured to the shaft 5| and the other secured to the shaft 46 'in any suitable manner.

It is now obvious that by starting the motor 41, the wire A may be steadily drawn through shaft 8 across the face of the abrading belts '20 at a uniform rate of speed. The motors 3 and I2 may now be started which will cause the disks and abrading belts 20 carried thereby to revolve about the work A in a clockwise direction, as indicated by arrow X which evenly treats the entire circumference of the work at the same time motion is imparted to the driving pulleys I4 by motors I 2 which actuates abrading belts 20 may be controlled at will irrespective of the speed of the disks 5 by varying the frequency of the current supplied to the threephase belt actuating motors I2 which may be accomplished in any well-known manner as by varying the speed of the generator G, as hereinbefore described.

This ability of minutely controlling the surface speed of the abrading belts and the speed at which they are revolved about the work independently of each other, not only permits the polishing operation to be accomplished in the, minimum amount of time, but also enables the maintaining of the finished polished work to a pre-determined size or diameter regardless of any varying degree of temper or of difierent grades of material of the work which may occur without the necessity of stopping or resetting the machine.

It will also be observed that this machine is particularly adapted to grinding and polishing work of very limited sizes or diameters due to the staggered arrangement of the abrading belts 20 which permits each belt to overlap the work any required amount to properly perform their individual work.

The be1ts'2ll may be of the same degree or of chfierent degrees of coarseness and may be caused to exert the same or uneven degrees of pressure upon the work as desired by the proper manipulation of the tension pulleys adjusting screws 3!, as previously explained, all of which contributes to the high degree of efficiency of this machine.

In the modified form of my grinding and polishing machine illustrated in Figures 6 to 10 inclusive, I employ substantially the same principles or construction and operation used in the machine just described and illustrated in Figures l to 5 inclusive with the exception that in place of using abrading belts, I employ abrading wheels as one for each disk 55%. The disks 5% are constructed similarly to the disks 5 previously described, except that owing to the use of but one meter E2 on disk, I provide a, suitable counter-weight whic be made integral with or secured to the disks diametrically oppopective These motors 52 ed and mounted on the disks in the ner as shown and described for the abrading belts 23 abrading wh els may be secured to "netor shalt as in any suitable manner by a i3 screw-threaded on the shaft and securely mps to the shaft, supporting -i upon which the wheel "5 is fricti rally, incur n the usual manner etween the rub flange as 53 and a collar Ell secured to the opposite or outer end the Gwingte the relatively small diameter of the abrading wheels I have shown the sides of the hub til" or" each adjacent the motor and also the adjacent portion of the drive shaft as ti cut away as at and 33 respectively so as to pe mit the motors iii to be mounted on the disks in such a manner as to bring the periphery of the wheels 55 in the axis of the shaft 6i.

The central opening as ill extending longitudinally through the shaft 33 is illustrated as somewhat larger in diameter than the opening 8 in the shaft 8 to permit the passing therethrough of work of larger diameters for which this machine is particularly adapted.

In order that the work may be maintained in contact with the periphery of the abrading wheels at a substantially pro-determined uniform degree of pressure as thewheels wear away during the grinding and polishing operation, I employ a work-holder 65 which, in this instance, consists of a supporting bracket 66 L-shaped in cross section and which is secured by bolts or screws 61 to the outer face of the corresponding disk 56 with one leg thereof extending over the corresponding wheel 55 and provided with a centrally disposed dove-tailed slot 68 in one face thereof in which is slidably mounted a work stop slide 69 and which, in turn, has slidably secured to the outer face thereof, a work-retaining slide 10.

The lower end of the work stop slide 69 is adapted to extend below the lower face of the bracket 66 into close proximity to the periphery of the wheel 55, the slide being adjustabiy clamped to the bracket by means of screws ll so as to permit the adjustment of the slide relative to said bracket for maintaining the lower end of the slide in proper relation with the periphery of the wheel 55 as said wheel grows smaller in diameter during the grinding operation.

In order that the work may be maintained against the periphery of the wheel 55 at a predetermined degree of pressure, the work-retaining slide to is yieldingly pressed downwardly towards the wheel 55 by a spring l2 positioned between the upper end of the retaining slide 70 and a lateral lug 69 provided at the upper end of the work-stop 69,- said spring 12 being coiled about an adjusting screw it which is screwthreaded in the upper end of the retaining slide iii and slidably mounted in a suitable aperture provided in the lug t9 and adapted to limit the downward movement of the retaining slide to for each adjustment of the work-stop slide 89.

In order that work of different diameters may be maintained against the work stop slide 59 and wheel 55 during the grinding and polishing operation, the lower end or the work-retaining slide it as the inner edge thereof is beveled as It may now be clearly understood that with the motors ii for the grinding wheels 55 constructed similarly to the motors 52 for the belts 28, that the rotation of the abrading wheels may be controlled independently or the movement of the in same manner as shown and described the belts.

In Figures ii to 15 inclusive illustrated. a still. further modified form of grinding machine in which e s driven from motor as which .J. in Figures 12 and 15, is mounted upon standard l at one side thereof, 'l his motor is operably connected with the abrading belt at to rotate said belt independently of the movement of the supporting disk by means of an endless belt ll which passes around a pulley "it secured to the armature shaft it of the motor and a second pulley til rotatably mounted upon the disk supporting shaft ill This second pulley is connected in turn by a pair of belts or with a pulley 83 secured to the rear end of a drive shaft for one of the abrading belt-supporting pulleys as The shaft 86 as shown more particularly in Figure 14 is rotatably mounted in a ball bearing member lit mounted in the disk it near the peripheral edge thereof.

A second abrading belt pulley Bl is positioned near the opposite peripheral edge of the disk 36 to that at which the pulley 85 is located and is rotatably mounted upon a supporting stud 88 which has the inner end thereof reduced in diameter and extended through an elongated opening as provided in the adJacent portion of the disk it, and is adjustably secured to the disk 16 by means of a nut 90 which is screw threaded on the rear end ofgthe stud 88.

It will be noted by referring to Figure l3 that the pulley 81 is so positioned relatively to the pulley 85 that the belt in passing from the pulley ill) 81 to the pulley 85 will normally pass through the axis of the disk 16 in the same manner as described for the belt 20 in the device shown in Figure 1, and the tension of the belt 20 illustrated in Figures 11 to inclusive maybe varied as desired by the proper adjustment of the stud 88 upon the disk 16.

The pulley 85 for driving the abrading belt may be driven in the same direction as the disk I6 or may, as indicated by the arrow 2 in Figure 13, be driven in tle opposite direction to that of the disk 16, and I01 this reason, the pulley 80 may be provided as shown in Figures 14 and 15 with the bearing 80 composed of bronze or other suitable material and which is adapted to rotate on the shaft 8|.

Although I have shown but one abrading belt 20 in the device shown in Figures 11 to 15 inclusive, it is evident that a second belt may be employed at the opposite side of the standard I as illustrated in Figures 1 and 6 and that this second belt may be operated in the same manner as described, and shown for the single belt by extending the drive shaft 8| beyond the standard I, and also by extending the armature shaft IE1 at the opposite side of the motor 15.

It is also obvious that other changes in the construction both in the form and the relation of the parts thereof of the various forms of my invention may readily be made without departing from the spirit ofthis invention as set forth in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a stock grinding and polishing machine, a hollow shaft, disks mounted on said shaft in longitudinal spaced relation, a revolving abrading tool mounted on each disk, means for rotating said disks and separate means for revolving said tools.

2. In a stock grinding and polishing machine, a standard, a hollow shaft journaled in said standard, a pair of disks mounted on the shaft one adjacent either side of the standard, a revolving abrading tool mounted on each disk, means for rotating the disks and shaft in unison, and separate means for revolving said tools.

3. In a stock grinding and polishing machine, a standard, a hollow shaft journaled in said standard, a pair of disks mounted on the shaft one adjacent either side of the, standard, a revolving abrading tool mounted on each disk, means for rotating the disks and shaft in unison, separate means for revolving said tools in unison and means for varying the speed of the revolving tools.

4. In a grinding and polishing machine for small gauge stock, a pair of rotating disks, an electric motor mounted on each disk at one side of the axis thereof, an abrading wheel secured to each motor shaft to rotate therewith, means for rotating the disks and separate means for rotating said motors in unison, an axial passage through the disks of relatively greater diameter than the stock and work holding means associated with each wheel adapted to move the stock transversely through the passage for maintaining the stock in contact therewith at a predetermined pressure as the wheels wear away.

5. In a machine for grinding and polishing the outer circumference of stock, a pair of longitudinally spaced disks, means for feeding the stock through the center of said disks, an endless abrasive belt mounted'on each of said disks in a position such that the belts are at right angles to each other and in contact with the stock, means for rotating said belts, and means for rotating said disks independently of the means for rotating said belts.

6. In a machine for grinding and polishing the outer circumference of stock, a pair of longitudinally spaced disks, means for feeding the stock through the center of said disks, an endless abrasive belt mounted on each of said disks in a position such that the belts are at right angles to each other, means for rotating said belts in different directions, and means for rotating said disks independently of the means for rotating said belts.

'7. In a machine for grinding and polishing the outer circumference of stock, a rotatable disk, means for rotating said disk, an abrasive member, a motor for driving said abrasive member, and means for mounting said motor on said disk so that the weight thereof is substantially equally distributed onopposite sides of a diametrical axis of the disk.

' GEORGE D. MOOMAW. 

